The JIT is the national fire safety Joint Inspection Team, which is hosted by the LGA, and funded by DLUHC.
The JIT was set up following the Grenfell fire tragedy to assist local authority environmental health teams to take enforcement action against private landlords which were slow to remediate blocks over 18 metres and clad in ACM to any extent.
The team inspects blocks using the Housing Act 2004 and associated powers of the 'host authority'. The JIT assesses the fire hazard and advises the ‘host’ council via an extensive report and Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) risk assessment. Where there are serious problems, councils usually take enforcement action against landlords, using the evidence from JIT. The team can provide advice on wording of Improvement Notices and assistance with any subsequent appeals to the first-tier tribunal.
JIT is a multidisciplinary team with a fire engineer, a building control surveyor and a team of environmental health professionals. The team is supported by intelligence officers and external legal advisors.
The remit of the team has been widened to cover all combustible cladding, and to provide council staff with training to enhance their understanding of fire hazards. It is hoped that trained council staff will have greater confidence in their own inspections and enforcement action. Subject blocks must be over 17.7m, measured from the lowest outside ground level to the highest occupied floor (which may include any roof garden or mezzanine in a duplex flat if applicable).
The team have drafted standard letters for use in Housing Act 2004 investigation & enforcement work, these can be found by joining our dedicated page on Knowledge hub (KHub). Included on the hub is a list of recommended phrases about blocks that may be used in enforcement action. On KHUB there is a guidance note and flowchart on how to tackle large numbers of potentially combustible clad residential blocks, which was developed through the London Councils Private Residential Blocks Group.
Only staff with a ‘.gov.uk’ email address or those working in the social housing sector will be allowed access to KHub. If you are interested, please apply for access to the High Rise Residential Building Safety group
Staff with a gov.uk email address will be allowed access to the KHub. If you are interested, please access the social housing building safety group. If you are not yet signed up to KHub, you will need to sign up for an account to access the page.
HHSRS worked examples
You can access a series of HHSRS worked examples of tall buildings through membership of KHub. More will be added throughout the year. You should get at least weekly updates from KHub as they are added.
Training courses
The teamprovide three training courses currently:
Level one: The 'building surveyor' first covers some of the basics of external wall systems, including the basics of tall building construction. The 'Fire Engineer' then delivers an introduction to the principles fire safety in tall buildings. A section is then delivered by the building surveyor on the building regulations and approved document B. Finally, the principal EHO delivers a section on pre-inspection documentation, a section on how to work in a multidisciplinary team and concludes with an HHSRS assessment and further enforcement.
Level two: This is about an HHSRS inspection of a fictional building called “Castel Towers”. A YouTube video and pre-course learning is provided by the fire safety joint inspection team two weeks ahead of the training day. Attendees need to watch the hour-long video and read the intelligence provided (fire risk assessment and fire strategy). Attendees are also asked to do their own HHSRS assessment, prior to attending the course. During the live training session (three hours), the JIT discuss their scoring of it, what evidence was provided and what evidence is still needed. The building score is shared, together with an explanation of how the score was reached. We then compare the JIT score with the scores of attendees via an online application. The level two course is interactive with attendees contributing their thoughts and questions. During the last part of the training the principal EHO goes through the composition of an Improvement Notice relating to the building.
Level two (a): HHSRS inspection of a different real building. A fire safety joint inspection team YouTube video and pre-course learning is provided, two weeks ahead of the training day. Attendees are tasked with completing their own HHSRS assessment prior to attending the course. During the online training (three hours), the JIT discusses how they scored it, the evidence available and any evidence still needed. The building is scored and an explanation is given of how the score was reached. We then compare scores via an online application. The last part of the training the principal EHO goes through the composition of an Improvement Notice relating to the building.
All JIT advice, inspections and training is free to public sector employees.
FAQs
JIT attend as advisors to the council, and we must be accompanied by council staff as the authorised officers (the council staff must have a warrant card). The JIT team will have up to six staff on site, and usually split into two groups of three during an inspection, so council staff are needed on inspections. Two council staff are usually sufficient.
JIT have found that inspections run quicker and smoother with less rather than more attending. A landlord or responsible person (RP) representative should be available to provide the necessary access to restricted areas when required – a caretaker/block manager is usually sufficient - there is no need for any RP representatives to directly accompany the team on the inspection. JIT encourage the Fire & Rescue Service to attend the debrief meeting post inspection (where JIT give the main findings and an indicative Housing Health & Safety Rating System: HHSRS score), rather than attend the inspection itself.
Leaseholders (and occupiers) are required to be notified by the council under a S239 notice (see below). JIT usually inspect a representative sample of properties; normally this is approximately 5-10 per cent. If we see floorplans beforehand, we will advise the council beforehand of the flats we will wish to go inside – JIT will want the council to facilitate those inspections, informing specific occupiers of JIT’s intention to inspect. Special arrangements exist during lockdown restrictions and JIT will discuss with the council what inspections are practical and safe under such circumstances.
The extent of consultation with leaseholders or leaseholder representatives is a matter for the council and its consultation strategy, however neither leaseholders nor leaseholder representatives should attend JIT inspection days.
We allow two full days on site: the duty holder should be asked for access 9am to 6pm, and if we finish early that’s fine. We cannot fit in a return to the site after the two days, so it’s best to allow for the full two days.
The council is the legal authority, so will need to serve all the formal notices, and arrange access. This usually involves s235 letters to get information about the block which helps plan an inspection, serving s239s, liaising with JIT over practical arrangements. Before JIT attend site, each council needs to sign a MOU with the LGA, (JIT’s employers).
Section 239 notice of intended entry needs to be served on all persons who are owners or occupiers in the building being assessed. For clarity and depending on the ownership structure in your building it should be served on the freeholder and leaseholders and occupiers where different to the leaseholders (rented). This can be quite resource intensive.
Information received from the RP by the council on serving of the S235 notice. A list of essential and desired intelligence will be provided to the council by JIT and it will include: floor plans and elevations, the latest fire strategy, the fire risk assessment and any reports detailing the results of cladding investigations already undertaken by the RP.
Additional information may include that which is available internally from the council’s planning process (or Land Charges), or information held at Companies House.
Immediately after an inspection the designated council officers attend the post inspection debrief meeting where JIT give observations, main findings and an indicative HHSRS score. Council officers (or FRS reps) are free to ask questions and resolve any areas of concern. This usually takes place on the final afternoon of the inspection, but during lockdown restrictions it has been online, usually within 48 hours of the inspection.
A summary email is sent to the council within 72 hours to the Council confirming JIT’s initial assessment.
JIT provide a full report on the inspection along with recommendations and the HHSRS assessment and justifications. JIT aim to provide this report within two to three weeks of the inspection. It is anticipated that this will provide the council with the necessary information to directly inform the enforcement process.
Officers designated by the council will receive a copy of the report and the HHSRS assessment. A copy of the report will also be kept by JIT for future reference and made available to the MHCLG via a shared site. JIT will not make the report available to any other individual or organisation, unless the council asks us to.
In addition, JIT will not disseminate to a third party any intelligence you provide to JIT that the council receive from serving a S235 notice, nor other intelligence the council provides in support of the inspection or subsequent enforcement, for example correspondence between JIT and the council.
There are no restrictions.
JIT encourages the council to share the evidence about the block within the report with the Fire & Rescue Service. JIT advises that robust version control is in place to prevent unintended distribution to third parties.
If the council decide to share the report with the building owners/duty holders, the advice is to withhold the Recommendations Section, the JIT team names under Persons Present and the signatories at the end. We also advise withholding the whole of Appendix 1 – the HHSRS assessment, unless a case moves to a Tribunal.
(JIT have found that releasing the HHSRS assessment can distract from the main issues, as building owners focus on disputing the individual scores that appear under the relevant matters).
The council will then be responsible for preparing and serving any subsequent enforcement notice. JIT advice, bespoke to each authority, is available from experienced JIT officers, both on the enforcement process and the composition of an enforcement notice.
Before undergoing and arranging works in default (WID), councils are advised to contact MHCLG who will consider funding applications for buildings that require WID on a case by case basis. Arranging works in default is likely to entail some degree of specialised advice and project management. So far, JIT hasn’t had a block that has come to close to Works in Default.
Our legal advice is that sign off as compliant with building regulations does not rule out action under Housing Act 2004. HHSRS is based on evidence of a hazard, and if there’s evidence of a fire safety hazard, a Tribunal should support appropriate enforcement whether or not something was signed off by a building control professional.